Methods and devices for securing and transporting singulated die in high volume manufacturing

ABSTRACT

A method includes identifying a wafer position for a plurality of die on a wafer, storing the wafer position for each of the plurality of die in a database, dicing the wafer into a plurality of singulated die, positioning each of the singulated die in a die position location on a tray, and storing the die position on the tray for each of the singulated die in the database. The database includes information including the wafer position associated with each die position. The tray is transported to a processing tool, and at least one of the plurality of singulated die is removed from the die position on the tray and processed in the processing tool. The processed singulated die is replaced in the same defined location on the tray that the singulated die was positioned in prior to the processing. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

RELATED ART

Processing of modern electronics devices typically includes some sort ofdevice traceability during the production process. The term “die”generally refers to the physical object that is the basic workpiece thatis transformed by various process operations into the desired integratedcircuit device. A die is usually singulated from a wafer, and wafers maybe made of semiconducting, non-semiconducting, or combinations ofsemiconducting and non-semiconducting materials. Current identificationpractices may utilize an identification (ID) mark etched into a waferand an x,y coordinate location of the die on the wafer. In addition,during a first wafer-level test, ID fuses in the die may be set whilethe die is still part of the wafer, so that upon subsequent processoperations after the die has been singulated, the die may be readelectronically during subsequent process operations after the die hasbeen separated from the wafer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments are described by way of example, with reference to theaccompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 illustrates a view of a system including a wafer and a pluralityof trays, including the wafer position of a die and the tray positionthe die is delivered to, in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates a processing system in accordance with certainembodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates a carrier adapted to hold a plurality of trays, inaccordance with certain embodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of operations in accordance with certainembodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates a pocketed tray that may be utilized in accordancewith certain embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates an adhesive tray that may be utilized in accordancewith certain embodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates a view of an electrostatic tray design that may beutilized in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIGS. 8A-8C illustrate electrostatic tray configurations, in accordancewith certain embodiments.

FIGS. 9A-9B illustrate a chamber including lidded trays positionedtherein, in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIGS. 10A-10B illustrate a chamber including lidded trays positionedtherein, in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIGS. 11A-11B illustrate a chamber including lidded trays positionedtherein, in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIGS. 12A-12B illustrate a chamber including lidded trays positionedtherein, in accordance with certain embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference below will be made to the drawings, where in order to show thestructures of various embodiments most clearly, the drawings includediagrammatic representations of various structures. Thus, the actualappearance of the fabricated structures may appear different while stillincorporating the claimed structures of the illustrated embodiments.Moreover, the drawings may show only the structures necessary tounderstand the illustrated embodiments. Additional structures known inthe art have not been included to maintain the clarity of the drawings.

Certain embodiments relate to die level manufacturing processes, inwhich individual die that have been singulated from a wafer aredelivered to a tray, and the wafer origination position and trayposition of each die is stored so that during various processingprocedures each die can be traced to the specific location on the waferit originated from. Certain system embodiments include the use ofsingulated device trays, a container for the trays, and processmanagement methodology. Such systems can be used to create a process forcontaining, transporting, processing, and managing singulated devices ina high volume manufacturing environment.

FIG. 1 illustrates a wafer W having a surface that may be defined usingan x, y coordinate system, with the x and y values appropriate to thenumber of die positions present on the wafer. A plurality of die may bedefined on the wafer W. FIG. 1 also illustrates a plurality of trays T1,T2, T3, and T4, adapted to receive a plurality of die from the wafer W.The trays may include a surface that may be defined using columnslabeled as A-F, and rows labeled as 1-15. Any suitable method fordefining the surface may be utilized. Any suitable device may be used topick and place die from the wafer W onto the trays T1-T4.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, a plurality of die including die D1 and D2 aresingulated from the wafer W and positioned on a tray T1, as indicated bythe arrows extending from the wafer to the tray T1. The die D1originated at wafer position in the x-direction of 11 and in they-direction of 7. The die D2 originated at wafer position in thex-direction of 12 and in the y-direction of 7. The die D1 is placed inthe tray T1 at column C, row 9. The die D2 is placed in the tray T1 atcolumn D, row 9. Information including the wafer origination positionand the tray position for the die D1 and D2 may be stored in a databaseof information that is accessible by other equipment in the processflow, so that traceability is maintained throughout the processingprocedures.

FIG. 2 illustrates a system in accordance with certain embodiments,including various components (in block form) that may be utilized forproviding die traceability and transport during processing operations inan automated system. A die singulation component 30 includes a suitablemechanism for dicing one or more wafers. The wafer may be mounted on asuitable mounting medium and then diced into individual die. A pick andplace component 32 may be utilized to grasp the singulated die anddeliver it to the desired location on a tray component 34, as indicatedby the dotted line. Depending on the number of singulated die, the traycomponent 34 may include a plurality of trays. The tray may be anysuitable tray for storing a plurality of singulated die and transferringthe die. In certain embodiments, once a die is assigned to a tray and alocation in the tray, it maintains this assignment throughout themanufacturing process flow, thus minimizing the chances of productmixing.

Embodiments including trays having a variety of configurations,including, but not limited to, configurations including pocket regions,configurations utilizing electrostatic forces to hold the die to thetray, configurations including an adhesive to couple the die to thetray, and configurations including a tray lid to assist in dieprotection and ensuring that the die remains in the desired location inthe tray. The trays may have a suitable identifying feature thereon sothat one tray can be distinguished from another tray, including, but notlimited to, an RFID tag and/or a two dimensional physical mark that maybe observed visually or with another wavelength of radiation. Suchidentifying features may be electronically traceable so that the traycan be identified at any time during the processing operations. Anexample of an identifying feature on tray T1 in FIG. 1 is therectangular box labeled ID. The trays may in certain embodiments followJEDEC (Joint Electron Device Engineering Council) standards for externaldimensions and features such as two dimensional ID locations, thickness,nesting, etc. as known in the art.

The one or more trays of the tray component 34 may be positioned in acontainer (or carrier) component 36 adapted to hold multiple traystherein. The container component 36 holds the trays and facilitatesbatch material processing, movement, storage, and identification. Asillustrated in FIG. 2, the container component 36 and trays therein maybe delivered to various processing equipment such as processing tools38, 40, 42 for additional operations. The container component 36 may bepositioned in an automated loading system 45, and distributed back andforth from the desired processing tool 38, 30, 42 through a load port onthe tool, such as load port 43 on tool 38. Only trays needed for thecurrent process operations are taken out of the container 36 anddelivered to the tool's processing area. In certain embodiments the diemay be kept in the tray until the actual point of processing and the dieis returned to the tray immediately after the processing operation. Thecontainer and trays therein may act as a buffer for holding the dieuntil delivered to the specific tool for processing. As a result, insuch embodiments, there may be no need for an intermediate buffer tohold the die prior to being delivered to a tool for processing. Inaddition, in certain embodiments, very few die are removed from a trayat any one time for processing. As a result, if a manufacturing toolmalfunctions or has a process excursion, only a few die will be at riskand recovery of the product from the tool is simplified. In addition, itis relatively cost effective to scrap the relatively few die that haveundergone an excursion in the manufacturing tool while being processed.This eliminates that likelihood that such excursion die becomeinadvertently damaged during recovery and contain quality or reliabilitydefects.

The system illustrated in FIG. 2 also includes a database component 44,which is information stored on any suitable device (e.g., computer),including the wafer origination position and tray position for each diedelivered to a tray. The information may be stored as a map or othertype of suitable data structure that can be accessed by variouscomponents in the system. When multiple trays are utilized, the databasemay also include information regarding which tray is positioned in whichlocation within the carrier. The database information may be used in avariety of ways. For example, upstream manufacturing data may suggestthat die from different origination areas on the wafer will requiredifferent processing operations. By knowing the original wafer positionand current tray position for each die, such different processingoperations for different die on a tray can be accommodated, with theprocessing tool recipe including a tray map pick and place order forprocessing the die in a tray. In addition, if it is known that die fromdifferent origination areas will require different processingoperations, then the die may be proactively placed on the appropriatetray and/or in the appropriate sequence/position on a tray duringinitial population of the tray, for more efficient processing.

In addition, where multiple wafers are being processed, each fab wafermay be singulated and placed on multiple trays utilizing a methodologythat ensures matched wafer populations in each tray. Such aconfiguration enables rapid disposition of yield problems as equipmentor material related. It should be noted that processing tools generallyinclude a tool recipe for performing the processing operations. Therecipe may utilize the information from the database to ensure that thedesired die are all properly processed.

When problems such as yield degradation occur during a processingoperation, the ability to trace the wafer position each die came frommay be used to help determine whether the yield degradation is materialbased or equipment based. For example, if there are multiple trays thateach contain die representing all regions of the original wafer, thenthe trays can be sent to different tools for processing. If the expectedresults from all tools show yield degradation, then it is likely thatthe problem is wafer related. If the expected results from only a singletool show yield degradation, then it is likely that the problem is toolrelated.

FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of a container or carrier 50 adapted tohold one or more trays therein. A variety of configurations arepossible. The container 50 may in certain embodiments utilize the 300 mmSEMI (Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International)specifications and features as known in the art for automated transportand storage, door remove/placement, compatible base plate for standard300 mm load ports and Kinematic Coupling (KC) Interface, and RFIDidentification. An ID tag 58 may in certain embodiment be positionednear a front region of the container. The carrier 50 embodimentillustrated in FIG. 3 includes a plurality of shelf or rail regions 52adapted to support a tray such as trays 54 a and 54 b. The carrier 50may also include a door for accessing the trays. In certain embodimentsthe door may be removable. As noted above, in certain embodiments a traymay include a lid, such as lid 56 positioned on tray 54 b on the righthand side of the carrier 50. The lid may be adapted to assist inlimiting the movement of die in the tray during transport and may alsoact to shield the die in the tray from foreign matter. The lid may incertain embodiments be relatively thin and fit within the Z profile ofthe tray. In other embodiments, the lid may be sized and configured sothat it cannot be removed from the tray once the tray is positioned onthe rails 52 in the container. The lid in certain embodiments may alsoinclude features than extend into a region such as a pocket on the trayto contain a die and inhibit an out of pocket or device migrationsituation from occurring. In addition, in certain embodiments, liddedtrays are directly stackable on one another.

The container 50 illustrated in FIG. 3 includes a structure that carriestrays individually on rails or shelves 52, so that two columns of traysmay be supported. Carrying the trays individually on the shelves enablessub-batch processing on equipment with full random access to any traywithout the need for tray stacking equipment. The container 50 asillustrated in FIG. 3 also includes features that permit its use inautomated systems, including, but not limited to, a protrusion 51extending upward from an upper surface of the container 50, and apatterned lower surface configured to engage a load port on a tool. Theprotrusion 51 may in certain embodiments be substantially T-shaped incross section. The patterned lower surface 53 may include one or moregrooves 59 positioned therein.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of operations that may be carried out inaccordance with certain embodiments. Box 60 is singulating a wafer intoa plurality of semiconductor die. Box 61 is placing each individual diein a different position on a tray. A variety of tray configurations maybe used. Box 62 is saving information including, but not limited to, thelocation on the wafer where each individual die originated, the positionon the tray where the die is placed, the specific tray used. Box 63 isplacing the tray into a container including shelves for stackingmultiple trays. The position of the tray in the container may beincluded in the saved information. Box 64 is moving the container totool locations for additional processing operations, with the containerand tray acting as a buffer to hold the die prior to its beingpositioned in the tool. Box 65 is removing a tray from the container andmoving the tray within the tool for access by the tool's processmechanism. Box 66 is processing the die using the tray directly asprocess media or as a local buffer for pre/post die storage. Box 67 ismoving the tray to a new process step within the tool or if all theprocessing within the tool is complete, returning the tray to thecontainer. Another tray may then be removed from the container forprocessing if called for by the tool recipe. Box 68 is moving thecontainer the next location in the manufacturing process flow after alltrays are returned to the container. These operations may be carried outin an automated manner within a processing system. Various modificationsto the above operations may be made.

Various embodiments enable batching, distributing, tracing, and trackingof devices that are singulated without any means of individualself-identification. Once the initial population of devices into a trayis performed, a tray map with the desired information is uploaded to theautomation databases. By maintaining the relationship between the traysand device's position in the tray, and the device's identification fromthe originating material batch, every device can be tracked individuallythrough the manufacturing flow. For example, in the case of singulateddie devices, traceability is maintained between the wafer lot, thewafer, the die X/Y position on the wafer to the individual position onthe specific tray, and then to a specific slot in the container. Thisrelationship may be validated at each process operation in themanufacturing flow to ensure proper device manufacturing. In addition,when desired, tray to tray sub batch comparisons for a single wafer maybe carried out easily and efficiently, as well as wafer to wafer and lotto lot comparisons.

A noted above, a variety of tray structures may be utilized, including,but not limited to, pocketed trays, adhesive trays, and electrostatictrays. FIG. 5 illustrates a pocketed tray 70 that may be utilized incertain embodiments. In certain embodiments the pocketed tray 70including a plurality of pocket regions 72 each sized to accept a singledie. The pocket regions 72 act to confine the movement of the dietherein. FIG. 6 illustrates an adhesive tray 80 that may be utilized incertain embodiments. The adhesive tray 80 include an adhesive layer 82positioned thereon. Any suitable adhesive material may be used. Incertain embodiments the adhesive layer 82 may comprise a tape.

Certain embodiments relate to the use of an electrostatic tray or chuckto hold die during various assembly processes. Electrostatic chucks ortrays hold a body in place via electrostatic force induced due todipoles being created near the surface of the body. Electrostatic chucksor trays may in certain configurations includes a core material as thebackbone of the device, metal electrodes to carry a static charge,dielectric material positioned on the electrodes, and optionally aprotective layer on the dielectric material.

Electrostatic chucking devices have been formed using materials such assilicon and quartz as core materials, with various metallic electrodesand dielectric materials such as silicon dioxide and silicon nitride.Such chucks have typically been used in static tools during, forexample, various silicon fabrication processes including those performedin vacuum. Chucks made using core materials such as silicon and quartztend to be somewhat brittle and may prove to be unreliable and prone todamage when subject to repeated handling, die placement (for example,nozzle-based die placement), and transportation and shipping.

Certain embodiments relate to the formation and use of polymer materialbased electrostatic chucking structures such as trays during variousprocessing operations. Such processing operations may include, but arenot limited to, device fabrication, handling, assembly, testing,cleaning, and transportation. Such polymer based materials may includePCB (printed circuit board) materials used in the substrate/boardindustry. Such trays may in certain embodiments be designed with a knownJEDEC tray form factor in order to permit the use and transfer of thetrays within a tool as well as efficient storage of multiple traysinside stockers or FOUPs (front opening unified pods).

FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a PCB based electrostatictray/chuck design example in accordance with certain embodiments. Thetray 90 includes electrodes 92 positioned on a core 98, with adielectric layer 96 positioned on the electrodes 92 and extendingtherebetween. An optional protective layer 97 may be positioned ifdesired on the dielectric layer 96, in order to protect the dielectriclayer from damage. Electrical coupling to the electrodes 92 may be madethrough electrical pathways 99. In certain embodiments, the core 98 maybe formed from a PCB material including, but not limited to, fiberglass,polyimides, and other polymeric and/or composite materials. For example,in certain embodiments, PCB processing techniques including, but notlimited to, lamination of thin layers, may be used for forming the core98.

The core 98 acts to provide mechanical strength and durability for theelectrostatic media, and PCB materials are well suited for such anapplication. Suitable dielectric layer 96 materials include, but are notlimited to, polymeric materials with high relative permittivity, suchas, for example, polyimides, acrylics, and liquid crystal polymers.Electrodes 92 may be formed from any suitable material, including, butnot limited to, metals used in the substrate/board industry such as, forexample, copper, tungsten, and titanium. In certain embodiments, the topprotective layer 97 material should be selected to be compliant in orderto reduce any air gap between the die and the electrostatic chuck. Suchmaterials include, but are not limited to, polymeric materials such asacrylics and polyimides.

The electrode pattern near the top surface of the electrostatic chucksignificantly influences the grip pressure and thus the performance ofthe device. FIG. 8A illustrates an electrostatic tray 100 in accordancewith certain embodiments. The electrostatic tray 100 includes embeddedalternating electrodes 102 a, 102 b positioned on a core and including adielectric layer positioned thereon. In the view of FIG. 8A, thedielectric layer is clear and the electrodes 102 a, 102 b are visible.An optional uppermost protective layer may also be present on thedielectric layer. The electrodes 102 a, 102 b have an interdigitatedlayout, with every other electrode 102 a, 102 b having the same charge.A variety of electrode layouts are possible. Three chucked die 104 areillustrated on the left hand portion of the tray 100. Upon applicationof charge to the electrodes 102 a, 102 b, an opposite charge inductionis generated in the die 104 and a grip pressure between the die and thetray is created. The grip pressure is proportional to the chuckingvoltage, the relative permittivity of the dielectric material used inthe chuck, and inversely proportional to the dielectric thickness andthe gap size (between the dielectric and the die). A position for

FIG. 8B illustrates a schematic of the dotted line portion of FIG. 8Aincluding a portion of a die 104 positioned above a dielectric material106 under which the electrodes 102 a, 102 b are positioned. Arepresentation of the charges that are induced to generate a grippressure to hold the die 104 to the tray 100 are shown. Electrode 102 ahas a negative charge, and electrode 102 b has a positive charge. Withinthe die 104 a positive charge is induced adjacent to the negative chargeof the electrode 102 a, and a negative charge is induced adjacent to thepositive charge of the electrode 102 b. As a result, a downward grippressure is generated to hold the die 104 on the electrostatic tray 100.

The electrode pattern significantly determines the grip pressure for theelectrostatic tray. The die 104 is held between oppositely chargedelectrodes, and the grip pressure is a function of the electric field(voltage) that exists between the electrodes. Thus a network ofoppositely charged electrodes spaced optimally apart to form asignificant dielectric field between the die and the tray is needed forefficient performance of the electrostatic tray/chuck. A variety ofpatterns, including, but not limited to, the comb-like pattern of FIG.8A, may be suitable for the purpose of chucking die on a tray for toolmovement, shipping, and storage. In certain embodiments, a configurationsuch as in FIG. 8A may be formed to include alternating electrodes ofopposite charge, spaced apart by 1-3 mm, to achieve suitable chuckingefficiency. Other electrode configurations (and tray configuration) arealso possible. For example, a circular tray 107 including an electrodepattern comprising concentric electrodes 109 a-109 f is illustrated inFIG. 8C.

An electrostatic tray/chuck in accordance with certain embodiments mayalso include a number of on-board components, for example, surfacemounted to the board, to provide add-on features and capabilities.Examples include on-board rechargeable batteries to provide a constantsource of charge, a voltage regulator component to enable changing thevoltage when desired, and other components for interacting with toolautomation and software. The presence of an on-board battery system andvoltage regulation enables changing the voltage of the electrostatictray/chuck right on the tray itself. This permits the tray to beoptimized based on the operation, for example, relatively lower voltagessuch as, for example, 700-800V, might be used for within a tool die pickand place operation, whereas relatively higher voltages such as, forexample, 1000-1500V, might be used for shipping electrostatic trays withdie on them. Applied voltages may also be adjusted based on the size ofthe die being chucked on the tray. An example of an on-board componentsuch as a battery and its location on a tray, in accordance with certainembodiments, is illustrated in FIG. 8A.

In addition, for die storage using an electrostatic tray/chuck, chargedissipation over time may need to be managed via design and materialschosen. An on-board capacitor may also be included in the design to keepthe electrostatic chuck charged for longer time periods. Otherparameters such as battery capacity and cycle charge times may also bemanaged as determined by the desired performance. Dimensional controlmay be managed by reducing the thickness of the core and the on-boardcomponents such as batteries.

Electrostatic chucking structures may tend to gather foreign materials(FM) such as particles, fibers, etc. from the environment due to thepresence of static charge on the surface. Such FM may be cleaned byblowing a gas, wiping, or rolling because the FM are loosely held at thesurface, in particular when the charge is turned off. Such cleaning maybe added at a given operation/tool or may be added to an existingoperation/tool, as a FOL (front-of-line) or EOL (end-of-line) operation.

Electrostatic chucking media for various processes may provideefficiency advantages over media such as pocketed trays. Without theneed to form a pocket around each die, an electrostatic tray may permitmore area to be used for positioning die and thus can hold more die thana similar sized pocketed tray. In certain embodiments, a tray mayinclude about 100-300 die positioned thereon.

As described above, certain embodiments also relate to tray support andhandling, including the use of containers (or carriers) for holding andtransporting trays on which a plurality of die are positioned. Thecontainers may comprise tray-automated front opening shipping boxes(T-AFOSBs) in which the trays are moved and distributed between varioustools and equipment in an automated manner. The containers may be formedin accordance with known standards such as JEDEC standards. One exampleof a container is illustrated in FIG. 3, in which trays are positionedon rails in the container.

As described above, trays may include a lid positioned thereon. The lidmay act to inhibit the movement of the die on the tray and to protectthe die during transport. FIGS. 9A-12B illustrate features that may beincluded on lids or on the rails in a container, in accordance withcertain embodiments.

FIG. 9A illustrates a front cross-sectional view portion of a containerincluding a sidewall 110 having shelves or rails 112. FIG. 9B is a sidecross-sectional view along the dotted lines A-A′ of FIG. 9A. Trays 114are positioned on at least some of the rails 112. In the illustratedembodiment, the trays 114 each include a lid 116 positioned thereon. Thetrays 114 include a raised step 116 at an upper end region thereof, inorder to properly position the lid 118 on the tray 114 and to inhibitmotion of the lid 118. The lid 118 includes pedestal portions 120extending downward therefrom. The pedestal portions 120 act to inhibitmotion of the die 122 positioned in a pocketed region 124 in the tray114. The pedestal portions and lid may be sized so that once the tray114 is positioned on the rails 112, the lid cannot come off of the traywhile in the container because there is insufficient clearance betweenthe top of the lid 114 and the bottom of the rail 112 positioned abovethe lid 114.

FIG. 10A illustrates a front cross-sectional view of portion of acontainer including a sidewall 130 having rails 132. FIG. 10B is a sidecross-sectional view along the dotted line B-B′ of FIG. 10A. Trays 134having lids 138 are positioned on at least some of the rails 132. In theillustrated embodiment, the rails 132 include leaf spring structures 133extending downward therefrom. The leaf spring structures 133 may beconfigured to include have a curvature that engages the upper surface ofthe lid 138 as the lidded tray is positioned in the container. The leafspring structures 133 may be formed with a level of flexibility andstiffness such that as the spring is engaged, a force is applied to holdthe lid 138 on the tray 134. The leaf spring structures 133 may beformed integral to a rail 132 or be formed as a separate component thatis coupled to the rail 133. Other types of spring structures may also beutilized.

FIG. 11A illustrates a front cross-sectional view of portion of acontainer including a sidewall 150 having rails 152. FIG. 11B is a sidecross-sectional view along the dotted line C-C′ of FIG. 11A. Trays 154having lids 158 are positioned on at least some of the rails 152. In theillustrated embodiment, the lids 158 include leaf spring structures 153extending upward therefrom. The leaf spring structures 153 may besimilar to the leaf spring structures 133 described in connection withFIGS. 10A-10B, with one difference being that the leaf spring structures153 may be integral with or attached to the lid 158. The leaf springstructures 153 may be configured to include a curvature that engages thelower surface of the rail 152 as the lidded tray is positioned in thecontainer. The leaf spring structures 153 may be formed with a level offlexibility and stiffness such that as the spring is engaged, a force isapplied to the rail 152 that acts to hold the lid 158 on the tray 154.The leaf spring structures 153 may be formed integral to the lid 158 orbe formed as a separate component that is coupled to the lid 158. Othertypes of spring structures may also be utilized.

FIG. 12A illustrates a front cross-sectional view of portion of acontainer including a sidewall 170 having rails 172. FIG. 12B is a sidecross-sectional view along the dotted line D-D′ of FIG. 12A. Trays 174having lids 178 are positioned on at least some of the rails 172. In theillustrated embodiment, the lids 178 include dome structures 157extending upward therefrom. The dome structures 177 may be configured toinclude a curvature that engages the lower surface of the rail 172 asthe lidded tray is positioned in the container. The dome structures 177may be configured so that it deforms as it engages the rail 172, andapplies a force to the rail 172 that acts to hold the lid 178 on thetray 174. In certain respects that dome structures 177 may act likesprings. The dome structures 153 may be formed integral to the lid 178or be formed as a separate component that is coupled to the lid 178. Inanother embodiment, dome structures may be positioned on the bottomsurface of the rails. Other types of structures that engage the lid andrails may also be utilized.

Terms such as “first”, “second”, and the like may be used herein and donot necessarily denote any particular order, quantity, or importance,but are used to distinguish one element from another. The term “die” mayrefer to a single structure or to a plurality of structures. Terms suchas “upper”, “lower”, “top”, “bottom”, and the like may be used fordescriptive purposes only and indicate the relative positioning ofvarious features. Embodiments may be manufactured, used, and containedin a variety of positions and orientations. The structures of variousfeatures in embodiments may be varied from those shown and describedherein. In addition, embodiments may be manufactured, used, andcontained in a variety of positions and orientations.

In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features are groupedtogether for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method ofdisclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that theclaimed embodiments of the invention require more features than areexpressly recited in each claim. Rather, inventive subject matter maylie in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment and/orexample.

While certain exemplary embodiments have been described and shown in theaccompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments aremerely illustrative and not restrictive, and that embodiments are notrestricted to the specific constructions and arrangements shown anddescribed since modifications may occur to those having ordinary skillin the art. For example, all optional features of the assemblystructures as described above may also be implemented with respect tothe methods described herein. In addition, various specific features inthe examples may be used in one or more embodiments.

EXAMPLES

The following examples pertain to further embodiments.

Example 1 is a method of processing a plurality of die, comprising:identifying a wafer position for a plurality of die on a wafer; storingthe wafer position for each of the plurality of die in a database;dicing the wafer into a plurality of singulated die; positioning each ofthe singulated die in a die position location on a tray; storing the dieposition on the tray for each of the singulated die in the database,wherein the database includes information including the wafer positionassociated with each die position; transporting the tray to a processingtool; removing at least one of the plurality of singulated die from thedie position on the tray and processing the singulated die in theprocessing tool; and replacing the processed singulated die in the samedefined location on the tray that the singulated die was positioned inprior to the processing.

In Example 2, the subject matter of Example 1 may optionally includepositioning the tray in a carrier after the positioning each of thesingulated die on the tray.

In Example 3, the subject matter of any of Examples 1-2 may optionallyinclude providing a plurality of additional trays each including aplurality of singulated die from the wafer, wherein the tray and theadditional trays each have a unique identifier thereon.

In Example 4, the subject matter of Example 3 may optionally includewherein the unique identifier includes a two-dimensional physical mark.

In Example 5, the subject matter of Example 3 may optionally includewherein the unique identifier includes an RFID tag.

In Example 6, the subject matter of any of Examples 3-5 may optionallyinclude wherein the additional trays are positioned in the carrier.

In Example 7, the subject matter of any of Examples 3-6 may optionallyinclude wherein the wafer is configured to include a plurality ofregions on which the die are positioned, and wherein at least some ofthe trays are populated with singulated die from each of the regions.

In Example 8, the subject matter of Example 7 may optionally includewherein the trays with singulated die from each of the regions aretransported to a different processing tool.

In Example 9, the subject matter of any of Examples 3-8 may optionallyinclude wherein the additional trays are positioned in a plurality ofadditional carriers.

In Example 10, the subject matter of Example 9 may optionally includewherein the carrier and the additional carriers each have a uniqueidentifier positioned thereon.

In Example 11, the subject matter of any of Examples 1-10 may optionallyinclude wherein the tray includes a unique identifier thereon.

In Example 12, the subject matter of Example 11 may optionally includewherein the unique identifier is selected from the group consisting of aphysical mark and an RFID tag.

In Example 13, the subject matter of any of Examples 11-12 mayoptionally include wherein the unique identifier is electronicallyidentifiable.

In Example 14, the subject matter of any of Examples 1-13 may optionallyinclude wherein the processing tool includes a recipe that accesses thedatabase to determine processing parameters for the singulated die onthe tray.

In Example 15, the subject matter of Example 14 may optionally includewherein different singulated die on the tray have different processingparameters.

In Example 16, the subject matter of any of Examples 1-15 may optionallyinclude wherein the singulated die include no accessible uniqueidentifying information thereon.

Example 17 is an assembly configured to hold a plurality of singulateddie, comprising: a movable tray configured to support a plurality ofsingulated die, the tray including a raised step at an outer regionthereof; and a lid adapted to cover the singulated die on the tray,wherein an outer edge of the lid engages an inner edge of the step.

In Example 18, the subject matter of Example 17 may optionally includewherein the tray includes a plurality of pockets defined on an uppersurface thereof, wherein the pockets are each sized accept a single dietherein.

In Example 19, the subject matter of any of Examples 17-18 mayoptionally include wherein the lid includes a plurality of pedestalstructures protruding in a downward direction on a lower surface of thelid, wherein the pedestal structures are sized to extend a distance intothe pockets when the lid is positioned on the tray.

In Example 20, the subject matter of any of Examples 17-19 mayoptionally include wherein the lid includes a spring on an upper surfacethereof, the spring adapted to engage a surface above the lid and applya force to hold the lid on the tray.

In Example 21, the subject matter of Example 20 may optionally includewherein the spring is configured as a leaf spring having a first endcoupled to an upper surface of the lid and a second end spaced adistance away from the upper surface of the lid.

In Example 22, the subject matter of any of Examples 17-20 mayoptionally include wherein the lid includes a dome structure extendingupward on an upper surface thereof, the dome structure configured toengage a surface above the lid and apply a force to hold the lid on thetray.

In Example 23, the subject matter of any of Examples 17-22 mayoptionally include wherein the tray includes a unique identifierthereon.

In Example 24, the subject matter of Example 23 may optionally includewherein the unique identifier comprises a two-dimensional physical markon the tray.

Example 25 is a carrier configured to hold a plurality of trays, thetrays configured to hold a plurality of singulated die, the carriercomprising: a plurality of rails configured to hold the trays thereon;wherein the trays are individually accessible in any order from thecarrier; and a protrusion extending upward on an upper surface of thecarrier, the protrusion configured to be coupled to an automated carrierhandling system.

In Example 26, the subject matter of Example 25 may optionally include apatterned lower surface configured to engage a load port on a tool.

In Example 27, the subject matter of any of Examples 25-26 mayoptionally include wherein the protrusion has a substantially T-shapedcross- section.

In Example 28, the subject matter of any of Examples 25-27 mayoptionally include a structure extending downward from at least some ofthe rails, the structure configured to engage a tray lid as a liddedtray is positioned on the rails and apply a downward force on the traylid.

In Example 29, the subject matter of Example 28 may optionally includewherein the structure is configured in the form of a leaf spring.

In Example 30, the subject matter of Example 28 may optionally includewherein the structure is configured in the form of a dome extendingdownward from a lower surface of a rail.

In Example 31, the subject matter of any of Examples 25-30 mayoptionally include an identification structure on the carrier.

In Example 32, the subject matter of Example 31 may optionally includewherein the identification structure comprises an RFID tag.

In Example 33, the subject matter of any of Examples 25-32 mayoptionally include wherein the rails are configured so that the carriercan accept two columns of multiple trays therein.

Example 34 is a tray configured to support a plurality of singulated diethereon, comprising: a core layer comprising a polymer; a plurality ofelectrodes positioned on the core layer; a dielectric layer positionedon the electrodes and extending therebetween, wherein the dielectriclayer comprises a polymer; and a surface on which a plurality ofsingulated die may be positioned; wherein the electrodes are configuredso that upon application of electric charge, adjacent electrodes have anopposite charge.

In Example 35, the subject matter of Example 34 may optionally include apower source positioned on the tray.

In Example 36, the subject matter of any of Examples 33-34 mayoptionally include a lid configured to be positioned on the tray.

In Example 37, the subject matter of any of Examples 34-36 mayoptionally include wherein the core comprises a laminated structure.

In Example 38, the subject matter of any of Examples 34-37 mayoptionally include a protective layer positioned on the dielectriclayer, wherein an upper surface of the protective layer is the surfaceon which the plurality of singulated die may be positioned.

In Example 39, the subject matter of Example 38 may optionally includewherein the protective layer comprises a polymer.

Example 40 is a method for positioning die on a tray, comprising:providing a tray including core layer comprising a polymer, a pluralityof electrodes positioned on the core layer, a dielectric layerpositioned on the electrodes and extending therebetween, wherein thedielectric layer comprises a polymer, and a surface on which a pluralityof die may be positioned, wherein the electrodes are configured so thatupon application of a voltage potential to induce an electric charge,adjacent electrodes have an opposite charge;

positioning a plurality of die on the surface; and applying electriccharge to the electrodes and generating an electrostatic force to holdthe plurality of die to the surface.

In Example 41, the subject matter of Example 40 may optionally includeperforming positioning the tray in a carrier while the electrostaticforce is holding the plurality of die to the surface.

In Example 42, the subject matter of any of Examples 40-41 mayoptionally include positioning additional trays in the carrier.

In Example 43, the subject matter of any of Examples 40-42 mayoptionally include moving the carrier to a processing tool while theelectrostatic force is holding the plurality of die to the surface.

In Example 44, the subject matter of Example 43 may optionally includeremoving at least one of the die from the surface of the tray andprocessing the at least one die in the tool.

In Example 45, the subject matter of Example 44 may optionally include,after the processing the at least one die in the tool, replacing the atleast one die on the tray in the same position the at least one die wasin prior to the processing.

In Example 46, the subject matter of Example 45 may optionally includemoving the carrier to another tool for additional processing.

Example 47 is a method for manufacturing a tray comprising: forming acore layer comprising a polymer; forming electrodes on the core layer;forming a dielectric material on the electrodes; and providing a surfaceon which a plurality of die may be positioned, wherein the electrodesare configured so that upon application of a voltage potential to inducean electric charge, adjacent electrodes have an opposite charge.

In Example 48, the subject matter of Example 47 may optionally includepositioning a power source on the electrostatic tray.

In Example 49, the subject matter of any of Examples 46-47 mayoptionally include wherein the forming a core layer comprises laminatinga plurality of layer together.

Example 50 is an assembly configured to hold a plurality of singulateddie, comprising: means for supporting a plurality of singulated dieusing a tray; and means for covering the singulated die on the trayusing a lid.

In Example 51, the subject matter of Examples 50 may optionally includemeans for uniquely identifying the tray.

Example 52 is a carrier configured to hold a plurality of trays, thetrays configured to hold a plurality of singulated die, the carriercomprising: means for holding the trays in the carrier in a manner sothat any tray may be removed from the carrier without moving a differenttray; and means for coupling the carrier to an automated carrierhandling system.

In Example 53, the subject matter of Example 52 may optionally includemeans for engaging a load port on a tool.

In Example 54, the subject matter of any of Examples 52-53 mayoptionally include means for applying a force to a lid on a tray withinthe carrier.

In Example 55, the subject matter of Example 54 may optionally includewherein the means for applying a force includes a structure protrudingfrom the lid.

In Example 56, the subject matter of Example 54 may optionally includewherein the means for holding the trays includes rails, and wherein themeans for applying a force includes a structure protruding from therails.

In Example 57, the subject matter may include the formation of anassembly in accordance with any of Examples 1-16 and 40-49.

Example 58 is a computer program product, comprising a computer readablestorage medium having computer readable program code embodied thereinexecutable by a processor to implement a method or realize the apparatusof any one of Examples 1-56.

What is claimed:
 1. A method of processing a plurality of die,comprising: identifying a wafer position for a plurality of die on awafer; storing the wafer position for each of the plurality of die in adatabase; dicing the wafer into a plurality of singulated die;positioning each of the singulated die in a die position location on atray; storing the die position on the tray for each of the singulateddie in the database, wherein the database includes information includingthe wafer position associated with each die position; transporting thetray to a processing tool; removing at least one of the plurality ofsingulated die from the die position on the tray and processing thesingulated die in the processing tool; and replacing the processedsingulated die in the same defined location on the tray that thesingulated die was positioned in prior to the processing.
 2. The methodof claim 1, further comprising positioning the tray in a carrier afterthe positioning each of the singulated die on the tray.
 3. The method ofclaim 2, further comprising providing a plurality of additional trayseach including a plurality of singulated die from the wafer, wherein thetray and the additional trays each have a unique identifier thereon. 4.The method of claim 3, wherein the wafer is configured to include aplurality of regions on which the die are positioned, and wherein atleast some of the trays are populated with singulated die from each ofthe regions.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the trays with singulateddie from each of the regions are transported to a different processingtool.
 6. The method of claim 3, wherein the additional trays arepositioned in a plurality of additional carriers.
 7. The method of claim6, wherein the carrier and the additional carriers each have a uniqueidentifier positioned thereon.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein theprocessing tool includes a recipe that accesses the database todetermine processing parameters for the singulated die on the tray. 9.The method of claim 8, wherein different singulated die on the tray havedifferent processing parameters.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein thesingulated die include no accessible unique identifying informationthereon.
 11. An assembly configured to hold a plurality of singulateddie, comprising: a movable tray configured to support a plurality ofsingulated die, the tray including a raised step at an outer regionthereof; and a lid adapted to cover the singulated die on the tray,wherein an outer edge of the lid engages an inner edge of the step. 12.The assembly of claim 11, wherein the tray includes a plurality ofpockets defined on an upper surface thereof, wherein the pockets areeach sized accept a single die therein.
 13. The assembly of claim 12,wherein the lid includes a plurality of pedestal structures protrudingin a downward direction on a lower surface of the lid, wherein thepedestal structures are sized to extend a distance into the pockets whenthe lid is positioned on the tray.
 14. A carrier configured to hold aplurality of trays, the trays configured to hold a plurality ofsingulated die, the carrier comprising: a plurality of rails configuredto hold the trays thereon; wherein the trays are individually accessiblein any order from the carrier; and a protrusion extending upward on anupper surface of the carrier, the protrusion configured to be coupled toan automated carrier handling system.
 15. The carrier of claim 14,further comprising a patterned lower surface configured to engage a loadport on a tool.
 16. The carrier of claim 14, wherein the protrusion hasa substantially T-shaped cross-section.
 17. The carrier of claim 14,wherein the rails are configured so that the carrier can accept twocolumns of multiple trays therein.
 18. A tray configured to support aplurality of singulated die thereon, comprising: a core layer comprisinga polymer; a plurality of electrodes positioned on the core layer; adielectric layer positioned on the electrodes and extendingtherebetween, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a polymer; and asurface on which a plurality of singulated die may be positioned;wherein the electrodes are configured so that upon application of avoltage potential to induce an electric charge, adjacent electrodes havean opposite charge.
 19. The tray of claim 18, further comprising a powersource positioned on the tray.
 20. The tray of claim 18, furthercomprising a lid configured to be positioned on the tray.
 21. The trayof claim 18, wherein the core comprises a laminated structure.
 22. Thetray of claim 18, further comprising a protective layer positioned onthe dielectric layer, wherein an upper surface of the protective layeris the surface on which the plurality of singulated die may bepositioned.